Contoh Soal Explanation Text Dan Jawaban

Explanation text is a type of text that explains how or why something happens or works. It usually consists of a general statement, a series of explanations, and a conclusion. Explanation text is often used in science, technology, geography, and other subjects that require factual information.

Explanation text questions and answers are common in exams and tests. They require you to understand the text and answer questions based on it. To answer explanation text questions and answers correctly, you need to follow some steps:

Read the text carefully and identify the main idea and the explanations.
Read the questions and underline the keywords.
Find the relevant part of the text that contains the answer.
Write the answer in your own words, using the information from the text.
Check your answer for accuracy, completeness, and grammar.

In this article, we will show you some examples of explanation text questions and answers and how to solve them. Let’s get started!

Example 1: How Rainbows Are Formed

Read the following text and answer the questions below.

A rainbow is a colorful arc that appears in the sky when sunlight passes through water droplets. It is caused by reflection and refraction of light. Reflection is when light bounces off a surface, and refraction is when light bends as it passes from one medium to another.

When sunlight enters a water droplet, it is refracted and split into different colors. The colors are red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. Each color has a different wavelength and bends at a different angle. Red has the longest wavelength and bends the least, while violet has the shortest wavelength and bends the most.

The refracted light then hits the inner surface of the water droplet and is reflected back. The reflected light then exits the water droplet and is refracted again. The angle between the incoming and outgoing rays of light is about 42 degrees for red and 40 degrees for violet. This means that we see red on the outer edge of the rainbow and violet on the inner edge.

To see a rainbow, we need to have the sun behind us and water droplets in front of us. The water droplets can be from rain, mist, spray, or dew. The size and shape of the water droplets affect the brightness and clarity of the rainbow. The smaller and rounder the droplets are, the brighter and clearer the rainbow is.

What is the general statement of the text?
What are the two phenomena that cause a rainbow?
What are the colors of a rainbow in order?
What is the angle between the incoming and outgoing rays of light for red?
What are some sources of water droplets that can produce a rainbow?

The answers are:

The general statement of the text is: A rainbow is a colorful arc that appears in the sky when sunlight passes through water droplets.
The two phenomena that cause a rainbow are reflection and refraction of light.
The colors of a rainbow in order are: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet.
The angle between the incoming and outgoing rays of light for red is about 42 degrees.
Some sources of water droplets that can produce a rainbow are: rain, mist, spray, or dew.

Example 2: How Volcanoes Erupt

Read the following text and answer the questions below.

A volcano is a mountain that has an opening in the earth’s crust. Through this opening, molten rock, gas, and ash can escape from the earth’s interior. A volcano erupts when the pressure inside the earth becomes too high and pushes the molten rock, gas, and ash out of the opening.

The molten rock inside the earth is called magma. When magma reaches the surface, it is called lava. Magma and lava are very hot and can melt or burn anything they touch. The gas that comes out of a volcano is mostly water vapor, but it can also contain carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and other gases. The ash that comes out of a volcano is made of tiny particles of rock and minerals that are blown into the air by the force of the eruption.

There are different types of volcanic eruptions, depending on the viscosity and gas content of the magma. Viscosity is a measure of how thick or thin a liquid is. Gas content is a measure of how much gas is dissolved in a liquid. The more viscous and gas-rich the magma is, the more explosive the eruption is.

One type of volcanic eruption is called a Hawaiian eruption. This type of eruption produces thin and runny lava that flows easily and forms gentle slopes. The gas escapes easily from the lava and does not cause much pressure. Hawaiian eruptions are not very explosive and do not produce much ash.

Another type of volcanic eruption is called a Plinian eruption. This type of eruption produces thick and sticky lava that does not flow easily and forms steep slopes. The gas does not escape easily from the lava and causes a lot of pressure. Plinian eruptions are very explosive and produce a lot of ash.

What is the general statement of the text?
What are the three main components that come out of a volcano?
What is the difference between magma and lava?
What are two factors that affect the type of volcanic eruption?
What are two examples of volcanic eruption types?

The answers are:

The general statement of the text is: A volcano erupts when the pressure inside the earth becomes too high and pushes the molten rock, gas, and ash out of the opening.
The three main components that come out of a volcano are molten rock, gas, and ash.
The difference between magma and lava is that magma is molten rock inside the earth, while lava is molten rock on the surface.
Two factors that affect the type of volcanic eruption are viscosity and gas content of the magma.
Two examples of volcanic eruption types are Hawaiian eruption and Plinian eruption.

Example 3: How Photosynthesis Works

Read the following text and answer the questions below.

Photosynthesis is a process that converts light energy into chemical energy. It is performed by plants, algae, and some bacteria. Photosynthesis is essential for life on earth, as it produces oxygen and organic compounds that are used by other organisms.

Photosynthesis takes place in two stages: light reactions and dark reactions. Light reactions occur in the thylakoids, which are membrane-bound structures inside the chloroplasts. Chloroplasts are organelles that contain chlorophyll, a green pigment that absorbs light. Dark reactions occur in the stroma, which is the fluid-filled space outside the thylakoids.

In light reactions, water molecules are split into hydrogen ions, electrons, and oxygen gas. The hydrogen ions and electrons are used to make ATP and NADPH, which are energy-carrying molecules. The oxygen gas is released as a by-product. In dark reactions, carbon dioxide molecules are fixed into glucose, which is a simple sugar. The glucose is then used to make other organic compounds, such as starch and cellulose. The ATP and NADPH from light reactions provide the energy and electrons for dark reactions.

What is the general statement of the text?
What are the two stages of photosynthesis?
What are the two main products of photosynthesis?
Where do light reactions take place?
What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

The answers are:

The general statement of the text is: Photosynthesis is a process that converts light energy into chemical energy.
The two stages of photosynthesis are light reactions and dark reactions.
The two main products of photosynthesis are oxygen and organic compounds.
Light reactions take place in the thylakoids.
The role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis is to absorb light.

Example 4: How Chocolate Is Made

Read the following text and answer the questions below.

Chocolate is a delicious treat that is made from cocoa beans. Cocoa beans are the seeds of the cacao tree, which grows in tropical regions. Chocolate making involves several steps, from harvesting to packaging.

The first step is harvesting. The cacao pods, which are the fruits of the cacao tree, are cut from the branches and opened to extract the cocoa beans. The cocoa beans are then fermented for several days to develop their flavor and aroma. The fermented cocoa beans are then dried in the sun or by artificial means.

The second step is roasting. The dried cocoa beans are roasted at high temperatures to enhance their flavor and color. The roasted cocoa beans are then cracked and winnowed to remove their shells and separate them into nibs, which are the edible parts of the cocoa beans.

The third step is grinding. The nibs are ground into a thick paste called cocoa liquor, which contains cocoa solids and cocoa butter. The cocoa liquor can be further processed to separate the cocoa solids and cocoa butter, or it can be used as it is to make dark chocolate.

The fourth step is conching. The cocoa liquor or the separated cocoa solids and cocoa butter are mixed with other ingredients, such as sugar, milk, vanilla, and lecithin, to make different types of chocolate. The mixture is then heated and stirred for several hours to improve its texture and flavor. This process is called conching.

The fifth step is tempering. The chocolate mixture is cooled and heated repeatedly to form stable crystals that give the chocolate a smooth and glossy appearance. This process is called tempering. The tempered chocolate is then molded into different shapes and sizes, such as bars, coins, or chips.

The sixth step is packaging. The chocolate products are wrapped in foil or paper and labeled with their brand name and ingredients. The chocolate products are then ready to be shipped and sold to consumers.

What is the general statement of the text?
What are the two main components of cocoa liquor?
What are some ingredients that are added to make different types of chocolate?
What is the purpose of conching?
What is the result of tempering?

The answers are:

The general statement of the text is: Chocolate is a delicious treat that is made from cocoa beans.
The two main components of cocoa liquor are cocoa solids and cocoa butter.
Some ingredients that are added to make different types of chocolate are sugar, milk, vanilla, and lecithin.
The purpose of conching is to improve the texture and flavor of the chocolate.
The result of tempering is a smooth and glossy appearance of the chocolate.

Conclusion

Explanation text is a type of text that explains how or why something happens or works. It is often used in exams and tests to assess your understanding of factual information. To answer explanation text questions and answers correctly, you need to read the text carefully and write the answer in your own words, using the information from the text.

In this article, we have shown you some examples of explanation text questions and answers and how to solve them. We have covered topics such as how rainbows are formed, how volcanoes erupt, how photosynthesis works, and how chocolate is made. We hope you have learned something new and interesting from these examples.

86646a7979